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- <text id=91TT1940>
- <title>
- Sep. 02, 1991: What Is the Meaning of Life?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Sep. 02, 1991 The Russian Revolution
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BOOKS, Page 68
- What Is the Meaning of Life?
- </hdr><body>
- <p>By Paul Gray
- </p>
- <qt>
- <l>THE GOLD BUG VARIATIONS</l>
- <l>By Richard Powers</l>
- <l>Morrow; 639 pages; $25</l>
- </qt>
- <p> Some may find this novel's title, with its punning
- allusions to Bach's Goldberg Variations and Poe's short story
- The Gold Bug, a little too cute, and they are probably right.
- On the other hand, The Gold Bug Variations passes the
- truth-in-advertising test: the label accurately reflects the
- additives Bach and Poe to the contents inside and warns away
- consumers who prefer their fiction plain.
- </p>
- <p> The rest are in for a read of dazzling, sometimes
- intimidating complexity, which includes, among many, many other
- things, two love stories, separated by a quarter-century but
- analogous in a number of tantalizing ways; a detective story,
- pieced together from random clues, tracing the disappearance of
- a brilliant young scientist from a quest that seemed to promise
- him a Nobel Prize; a sprinkling of charts, tables and graphs;
- thumbnail histories of Western music and painting and of newer
- subjects like information theory and computer programming; a
- white-knuckle account of the race to find the meaning of life
- within a molecule; and the constant hum of intellectual
- enchantment.
- </p>
- <p> This sinuous story begins near its conclusion, in June
- 1985. Jan O'Deigh, an employee at a Brooklyn branch of the New
- York Public Library, receives a note from her former lover
- Franklin Todd: Stuart Ressler is dead. Grieving, Jan remembers
- the day some three years earlier when Todd first appeared at her
- desk and requested information about Ressler. "What was the
- man's line of work?" she had asked. "Don't know for sure," came
- the reply. "Something hard. Something objective, I mean." And
- why did he want to know about Ressler? "I work with him."
- </p>
- <p> All true, Jan discovers. Using her formidable research
- skills, she digs up references to Ressler in 1958, including a
- small photograph in LIFE with the caption "Dr. Stuart Ressler:
- one of the new breed who will help uncover the formula for
- human life." And then she is taken to meet Ressler himself, at
- a nearby renovated warehouse where he and Todd, an art-history
- graduate student stalled on his dissertation, work the night
- shift for a computer billing outfit.
- </p>
- <p> Jan, approaching 30, falls in love with Todd, four years
- her junior, and, in a different way, with Dr. Ressler, who is
- entering his 50s and who "came as close as anyone I've ever met
- to demonstrate that saving grace of Homo sapiens: the ability
- to step out of the food chain and, however momentarily, refuse
- to compete." With Todd now vanished and Ressler gone, she
- impulsively quits her job to record the months the three of them
- spent together--talking all night while the computers whirred,
- enjoying a snowbound weekend in New Hampshire--and to find out
- what happened to Stuart Ressler and why.
- </p>
- <p> These two strands of story coil around each other, and the
- suspicion gradually arises that more than one narrator has been
- at work here. But the sources are less important than the
- patterns and the possibilities of meaning hiding within them.
- The movement begins with Ressler in 1957, fresh from graduate
- school at age 25, arriving at the University of Illinois at
- Urbana-Champaign to join Cyfer, a research team assembled to
- crack the genetic code of the DNA molecule. The infant field is
- electric with excitement; scarcely four years have passed since
- Crick and Watson proposed the double-helix model for DNA--intertwining strings of four chemical bases--and already the
- opportunity of reading these combinations and putting life on
- a map seems within reach.
- </p>
- <p> On the surface, the solution looks like a question of
- decoding, the kind of feat that leads to the discovery of buried
- treasure in The Gold Bug. But Ressler is not so sure: "We are
- the by-product of the mechanism in there. So it must be more
- ingenious than us. Anything complex enough to create
- consciousness may be too complex for consciousness to
- understand." Further complicating his quest for pure knowledge,
- Ressler falls in love with Jeanette Koss, four years his senior,
- a married member of the Cyfer team. She gives him a present, a
- well-worn recording of the Goldberg Variations: "Four notes,
- four measures, four phrases, pouring out everything." Might this
- not be the way DNA works its quartet of chemicals into endless
- diversity?
- </p>
- <p> And the four main characters of the novel--Jan and Todd,
- Jeanette and Ressler--describe some dazzling, antiphonal
- permutations on their own. Both women are, for different
- reasons, unable to bear children; they are dedicated or
- interested onlookers at the mysteries of generation. Both men
- can be accounted failures, Ressler because he left a brilliant
- career and Todd because he lacks the nerve to begin one. But
- each is a welcome rarity in contemporary fiction: an
- intelligent, interesting and sympathetic actor in the drama of
- daily life.
- </p>
- <p> Richard Powers, 34, is the reclusive author of two earlier
- highly praised novels, Three Farmers on Their Way to a Dance
- (1985) and Prisoner's Dilemma (1988). His work on The Gold Bug
- Variations, which began in 1986, was aided by a 1989 MacArthur
- Foundation "genius fellowship." Seldom photographed or
- interviewed, he put himself on display during a brief
- prepublication visit to his native U.S.--he was born and
- raised in the Midwest--before returning to the Netherlands,
- where he has lived for the past five or so years. He says his
- brush with publicity was less painful than he had feared:
- "Self-promotion is not easy for me. But there's a paradox here.
- The point of avoiding attention is not to become too
- self-conscious; at a certain point, the avoidance becomes
- self-conscious. I'm eager to get back to writing." On the
- evidence of this masterly novel, the world should allow Richard
- Powers to work in peace.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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